In Appendix E the boat is the radio-controlled model and the competitor is the person controlling it; "race" in the main rules becomes "heat". A race is one or more heats.
Key points
E1 Definitions and terms
The zone is four hull lengths. A disabled boat (one that cannot continue in the heat) must be avoided. An observer does not have a conflict of interest simply by also being a competitor. Hails for room to tack include the sail number.
E3 Conduct of a race
Competitors stand in a control area. Heats start with warning, preparatory and starting signals one minute apart, with spoken or sound countdown signals every ten seconds in the last minute and every second in the last ten. Recalls are hailed with sail numbers.
E5 Observers and umpires
Observers, who may themselves be competitors, hail the sail numbers of boats that touch a mark or another boat and report unresolved incidents and course errors to the race committee after each heat. Umpired heats follow World Sailing's online development rules.
E6 Protests and redress
Protest validity is adapted to heats: for example, a boat may only protest a Part 2, 3 or 4 incident in a heat she was scheduled to sail.
E7 Penalties
For breaches outside Parts 2–4 the committee may disqualify, add points, or order One-Turn Penalties in the next heat.